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The formula is I = P × r × t. $5,000 at 4% for 3 years earns $600. Compare Compound interest, which earns interest on interest.
Simple interest is interest calculated only on the original amount, so it grows by the same sum each period.
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The formula is I = P × r × t. $5,000 at 4% for 3 years earns $600. Compare Compound interest, which earns interest on interest.