In more detail
Sides 3 and 4 give a hypotenuse of 5; other whole-number triples are 5-12-13 and 8-15-17. It also gives the distance between two points: √(Δx² + Δy²).
Glossary
Math & Statistics
Pythagorean theorem
In a right triangle the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides: `a² + b² = c²`.
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See also
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Glossary
Trigonometry
Trigonometry relates the angles of a triangle to the ratios of its sides through sine, cosine and tangent.
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Glossary
Vector
A vector is a quantity with both a size and a direction, written as a list of components such as (3, 4).